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The Stanford torus is a proposed design for a space habitat capable of housing 10,000 to 140,000 permanent residents.〔Johnson. NASA Study, pg 1, "The Overall System", pg 60, Summary〕 The Stanford torus was proposed during the 1975 NASA Summer Study, conducted at Stanford University, with the purpose of speculating on designs for future space colonies〔Johnson. NASA Study, pg VII, "Preface"〕 (Gerard O'Neill later proposed his Island One or Bernal sphere as an alternative to the torus〔Gerard K. O'Neil, "The High Frontier", William Morrow & Co., 1977, p149〕). "Stanford torus" refers only to this particular version of the design, as the concept of a ring-shaped rotating space station was previously proposed by Wernher von Braun〔Von Braun, W.:Crossing the Final Frontier, Colliers, March 22, 1952〕 and Herman Potočnik.〔Hermann Potočnik: The Problem of Space Travel (1929)〕 It consists of a torus, or doughnut-shaped ring, that is 1.8 km in diameter (for the proposed 10,000 person habitat described in the 1975 Summer Study) and rotates once per minute to provide between 0.9g and 1.0g of artificial gravity on the inside of the outer ring via centrifugal force.〔Johnson, NASA study, p46〕 Sunlight is provided to the interior of the torus by a system of mirrors. The ring is connected to a hub via a number of "spokes", which serve as conduits for people and materials travelling to and from the hub. Since the hub is at the rotational axis of the station, it experiences the least artificial gravity and is the easiest location for spacecraft to dock. Zero-gravity industry is performed in a non-rotating module attached to the hub's axis.〔Johnson. NASA Study, Chap. 5〕 The interior space of the torus itself is used as living space, and is large enough that a "natural" environment can be simulated; the torus appears similar to a long, narrow, straight glacial valley whose ends curve upward and eventually meet overhead to form a complete circle. The population density is similar to a dense suburb, with part of the ring dedicated to agriculture and part to housing.〔Johnson. NASA Study, Chap. 5〕 ==Construction== The torus would require nearly 10 million tons of mass. Construction would use materials extracted from the Moon and sent to space using a mass driver. A mass catcher at L2 would collect the materials, transporting them to L5 where they could be processed in an industrial facility to construct the torus. Only materials that could not be obtained from the Moon would have to be imported from Earth. Asteroid mining was an alternative source of materials. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Stanford torus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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